Bihar Police Constable General Knowledge & Current Affairs: Indian Polity & Constitution — Concept Guide + MCQs

Indian Polity & Constitution — Key Concepts

Indian Polity is highly important for Bihar Police Constable exam. Questions focus on the Constitution, Fundamental Rights, Parliament structure, and important Articles.

Constitution at a Glance

FeatureDetail
Adopted on26 November 1949
Came into force26 January 1950
Original articles395 articles, 8 schedules, 22 parts
Currently448 articles, 12 schedules, 25 parts
Father of ConstitutionDr. B.R. Ambedkar
SourcesUK (Cabinet system), USA (FR, judicial review), Ireland (DPSP), Canada (Federation), Australia (Concurrent list)

6 Fundamental Rights — Quick Memory

Mnemonic: "Every Free Roaming Child Understands Rights"
1. Right to Equality (Art 14–18)
2. Right to Freedom (Art 19–22)
3. Right against Exploitation (Art 23–24)
4. Right to Freedom of Religion (Art 25–28)
5. Cultural & Educational Rights (Art 29–30)
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies (Art 32)

Important Articles to Remember

ArticleSubject
Art 1India = Union of States
Art 14Equality before law
Art 17Abolition of untouchability
Art 21Right to life and personal liberty
Art 32Right to Constitutional Remedies
Art 370Special status of J&K (now abrogated)
Art 352National Emergency

Practice MCQs

Q1. The Indian Constitution came into effect on:

  • A) 15 August 1947
  • B) 26 November 1949
  • C) 26 January 1950
  • D) 2 October 1950

Answer: C — The Constitution of India came into force on 26 January 1950 (Republic Day).

Q2. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution begins with:

  • A) We the People
  • B) We the Citizens
  • C) In the name of God
  • D) By the authority of Parliament

Answer: A — The Preamble begins with 'We, the People of India...'

Q3. How many Fundamental Rights are guaranteed by the Indian Constitution?

  • A) 5
  • B) 6
  • C) 7
  • D) 8

Answer: B — There are 6 Fundamental Rights: Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural & Educational Rights, Right to Constitutional Remedies.

Q4. The President of India is elected by:

  • A) Direct election by people
  • B) Parliament members only
  • C) Elected members of Parliament and State Assemblies
  • D) Rajya Sabha members only

Answer: C — The President is elected by an Electoral College comprising elected members of both Houses of Parliament and Legislative Assemblies of States.

Q5. Which article of the Constitution abolishes untouchability?

  • A) Article 14
  • B) Article 17
  • C) Article 21
  • D) Article 19

Answer: B — Article 17 abolishes untouchability and makes its practice a punishable offence.

Q6. The Directive Principles of State Policy are in Part ___ of the Constitution.

  • A) III
  • B) IV
  • C) V
  • D) VI

Answer: B — Directive Principles of State Policy are contained in Part IV (Articles 36–51) of the Constitution.

Q7. The Right to Education (Article 21A) makes education free and compulsory for children aged:

  • A) 5–14 years
  • B) 6–14 years
  • C) 6–16 years
  • D) 5–16 years

Answer: B — Article 21A provides free and compulsory education to children of 6–14 years of age.

Q8. India is described as a 'Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic' in the:

  • A) Preamble
  • B) Article 1
  • C) Article 12
  • D) Schedule 1

Answer: A — These words appear in the Preamble of the Constitution.

Q9. The Rajya Sabha has a maximum strength of:

  • A) 250
  • B) 245
  • C) 240
  • D) 260

Answer: B — The Rajya Sabha has a maximum strength of 250 members (238 elected + 12 nominated).

Q10. Emergency provisions in India are contained in Part ___ of the Constitution.

  • A) XV
  • B) XVI
  • C) XVIII
  • D) XIV

Answer: C — Emergency provisions are in Part XVIII (Articles 352–360).