Bihar Police Constable General Knowledge & Current Affairs: History of India — Concept Guide + MCQs

History of India — Key Concepts for Bihar Police

Indian History for Bihar Police Constable covers Ancient India, Medieval India, the Mughal period, the British Colonial era, and the Independence Movement. This is a high-scoring section requiring factual knowledge.

Key Periods to Remember

PeriodKey Events/Dynasties
Ancient IndiaIndus Valley Civilization (2500–1700 BCE), Maurya (322–185 BCE), Gupta (320–550 CE)
Medieval IndiaDelhi Sultanate (1206–1526), Mughal Empire (1526–1857)
British IndiaBattle of Plassey (1757), 1857 Revolt, Partition of Bengal (1905)
Freedom MovementCongress (1885), Non-Cooperation (1920), Civil Disobedience (1930), Quit India (1942)
Independent IndiaIndependence (15 Aug 1947), Republic Day (26 Jan 1950)

Most Important Facts for Exam

Mahatma Gandhi's movements: Champaran Satyagraha (1917) → Khilafat+Non-Cooperation (1920) → Civil Disobedience/Dandi March (1930) → Quit India (1942).
Battle dates: Panipat I (1526), Plassey (1757), Buxar (1764).
Mughal Emperors: Babur → Humayun → Akbar → Jahangir → Shah Jahan → Aurangzeb.
Bihar connection: Pataliputra = ancient capital. Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka, Vikramaditya ruled from Bihar region.

Bihar-Specific History Points

  • Magadha Empire — based in what is now Patna/Bihar region
  • Nalanda University — ancient center of learning in Bihar
  • Gandhi's first Satyagraha in India was at Champaran, Bihar (1917)
  • Jayaprakash Narayan (JP) — great freedom fighter from Bihar

Practice MCQs

Q1. The First Battle of Panipat (1526) was fought between:

  • A) Babur and Ibrahim Lodi
  • B) Akbar and Hemu
  • C) Humayun and Sher Shah
  • D) Babur and Rana Sanga

Answer: A — Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi to establish the Mughal Empire in India.

Q2. The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in:

  • A) 1940
  • B) 1942
  • C) 1944
  • D) 1945

Answer: B — The Quit India Movement (August Kranti) was launched on 8 August 1942.

Q3. Who was the first Governor-General of independent India?

  • A) Rajagopalachari
  • B) Lord Mountbatten
  • C) Lord Wavell
  • D) Sardar Patel

Answer: B — Lord Mountbatten served as the first Governor-General of independent India (June 1947 – June 1948).

Q4. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place in:

  • A) 1917
  • B) 1918
  • C) 1919
  • D) 1920

Answer: C — The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on 13 April 1919 in Amritsar.

Q5. Who founded the Indian National Congress in 1885?

  • A) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
  • B) A.O. Hume
  • C) Dadabhai Naoroji
  • D) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Answer: B — Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885.

Q6. The Battle of Plassey (1757) established British supremacy in India. Who led the British forces?

  • A) Warren Hastings
  • B) Robert Clive
  • C) Lord Wellesley
  • D) Lord Cornwallis

Answer: B — Robert Clive led the British East India Company forces against Siraj ud-Daulah.

Q7. Mahatma Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in:

  • A) 1919
  • B) 1920
  • C) 1921
  • D) 1922

Answer: B — The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in September 1920.

Q8. Who gave the slogan 'Do or Die' during the Quit India Movement?

  • A) Subhas Chandra Bose
  • B) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
  • C) Mahatma Gandhi
  • D) Jawaharlal Nehru

Answer: C — Mahatma Gandhi gave the 'Do or Die' (Karo ya Maro) slogan on 8 August 1942.

Q9. The Dandi March (Salt March) was conducted by Gandhi in:

  • A) 1928
  • B) 1929
  • C) 1930
  • D) 1931

Answer: C — Mahatma Gandhi led the Salt March from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi (12 March – 6 April 1930).

Q10. The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 is also known as:

  • A) The Great Revolt
  • B) India's First War of Independence
  • C) Both A and B
  • D) The Partition War

Answer: C — 1857 uprising is called both 'The Great Revolt' and 'India's First War of Independence'.